Mazda 626

1991-1998 of release

Repair and operation of the car

If you think of transition to the diesel, but do not know how to look after him the hands, then at once we will tell that is not more difficult to support the diesel in good shape the petrol engine at all...

Diesel cars are famous for the durability, but it does not mean at all that it is not required to show care of them.

The prices of used diesel cars in the West fall. It is connected with the fact that long time the sales volume of new diesel cars was very high and therefore in the market of used cars their large number now. New diesel cars are much more expensive equivalent to them in parameters of petrol fellows. Besides, there passed that time when a diesel row, habitual today for us, was exhausted only by one model. Today producers are able to deliver the diesels meeting the highest requirements of the market.

Country regrets are worthy if such are available in which diesel fuel costs equally with gasoline or even exceeds it. But even in this case you will be the winner as at diesel cars, as a rule, higher service life, but only provided that you will have a big annual run. Any economy is impossible only at small annual run. You save on spark plugs though it is clear that when using spark plugs with frequency of replacement of 60 thousand km economy on them will be small. At the same time you will lose on more frequent replacement of oil and the filter.

What attracts the diesel with?

Modern diesel cars are attractive by the ability to develop the big force of draft on small turns, than are especially good for the drivers who are not liking to switch too often transfers. Most of manufacturers offer diesels with a turbo-supercharging to give to the owner the chance to feel most all charm of the high-class car.

If you think of transition to the diesel, but do not know how to look after him the hands, then at once we will tell that is not more difficult to support the diesel in good shape the petrol engine, despite their distinctions at all. We offer you the short guide to purchase, operation and service of the diesel.

Mechanisms of the petrol and diesel engine a little in what differ. The four-cycle cycle of combustion of fuel is the basis for operation of both engines, but there is it at them in absolutely different ways.

While at petrol engines fuel-air mix ignites spark plugs, diesel fuel ignites as a result of very strong compression.

When the petrol engine soaks up air and gasoline on the first step, the diesel sucks in only air which compresses to such an extent that its temperature rises to 800 °C. The heated air sets fire to diesel fuel which is injected into the cylinder combustion chamber shortly before the piston reaches BMT on a compression step. As extent of compression at diesels is twice higher, than at petrol engines, the injection of fuel has to happen under very high pressure that it flew in the combustion chamber, and the stream of fuel kept the form given it. Owing to the increased requirement to injection, the fuel pump of high pressure of the diesel is especially vysokotochno the produced knot.

Why the diesel rustles?

Well familiar roar of the diesel is generated by ignition of fuel and the subsequent sharp recession of high pressure in the combustion chamber. The most accurately specific roar of the diesel is heard after start-up during warming up of the engine on single turns.

The diesel has no system of ignition, but there is a system of prestarting warming up of combustion chambers of cylinders by means of starting candles. Besides, times of a long provorachivaniye of the engine a starter and painful expectation when the control lamp of the end of prestarting warming up goes out, passed long ago. Already many producers release the fast-started diesels which start requires no more than a couple of seconds in the winter. Some cars even have "the starting handle" which can be operated directly the fuel pump of high pressure to change the injection moment, to accelerate warming up and to reduce emission of smoke at start-up.

Care of the diesel

As the diesel pollutes oil in lubricant system quicker, than the petrol engine, most of producers of cars provide more frequent change of oil and the filter.

Special oils of diesels are widely available today and, judging by responses, are quite effective. However any high-quality engine oil for carburetor engines will be suitable also for the diesel if only to change it through certain intervals. Read the label on bank in which the manufacturer usually instructs concerning diesels. If on this label you find nothing, then look at the label on a container in which banks were packed.

At engines with the top cam-shaft it is necessary to replace a gear belt through the specified intervals. Otherwise impact of the piston with valves when the belt suddenly tears is not excluded. Elimination of consequences of the last will involve from you considerable financial costs. In practice there were already cases of break of belts with a run to 48 thousand km, but it resulted from hit on them of oil or water because of depressurization according to lubrication systems and cooling. However, if you take in head to go, without changing a belt, after the run of 58 thousand km, then your unwillingness to spend time for timely replacement of a belt can turn back for you further considerably big expenses of time and money.

For replacement of the fuel filter buy the best of available to you. Some filters can externally look good, but "it is bad to fulfill the direct duties". Do not forget to replace also a sealing ring on the filter case. Still we will note that on the diesel it is equally difficult to prevent both fuel leak, and an air suction in fuel system which strongly break operation of the engine.

If air gets to fuel-supply lines, then removal it from there via the special valve by means of the small manual pump which is usually mounted for these purposes on the fuel pump of high pressure can be required. Many modern diesels have the power supply systems self-deleting with air. It is only necessary to krutanut the engine a starter, and air will be removed.

It is difficult to avoid that in the fuel filter moisture therefore for some diesels on the dashboard the alarm lamp informing on availability of water in fuel system is provided was not condensed.

Usually when replacing oil it is required to check a condition of the filter only. However in case of operation of the car under trying conditions, such as the increased humidity and big differences between day and night temperatures, the thicket should check a condition of filters.

All diesels on cold smoke, but it should not be excessive. One of the most common causes of it is failure in the fuel supply moment the pump of high pressure which easily is eliminated by repeated adjustment of the moment of injection on tags on a bent shaft and the pump. This work very much reminds adjustment of an initial corner of an advancing of ignition on the petrol engine. Operation can be performed on the idle engine, however it is better to get for these purposes a special lamp for installation of the moment of injection on diesels which fastens a clip on a toplivopodvodyashchy tube of a nozzle and breaks out under the influence of pushes of the fuel passing on a tube.

Dribble of fuel through nozzles with leaky closed toplivopodayushchy channel is other reason that can lead to overflow of the cylinder fuel and, as a result, to excessive smoking at start-up. Except the general cleaning of nozzles and replacement about 110 thousand km which are worn out at a run, it is possible to make in house conditions little to check their work. Unless to remove them and to give to check on any control equipment.

New nozzles are not cheap, but you will be able to save the considerable sum, having addressed on the station which is engaged in repair of diesels and to calibrate nozzles at quite reasonable price. The price of service depends on an arrangement of the station and existence of shops of spare parts around it.

However you are able to prolong service life of nozzles, keeping clean the air which is soaked up by the diesel and fuel filters and by that to counteract pollution of nozzles. For these purposes it is necessary to fill in periodically in the fuel tank in a small amount special cleaners.

If to watch the fuel pump of high pressure, then it will function long and regularly. However we want to warn that its replacement – quite expensive invention.

Bad launch and low acceleration performance of the diesel can be caused by many things: substandard starting candles, the contamination of channels of fuel highways leading to fuel supply pressure drop, malfunction of fuel-supply lines and even the wrong installation of nozzles. It is easy to determine badly working starting candles by how the control bulb of prestarting warming up long does not die away.

The provided table of possible defects on the diesel is made by Bosch, and we hope that it will help you to return your engine to working order.

Talk to owners of diesel cars, and you will see that none of them and want to think of again to take the wheel of the petrol car. Perhaps, there came also your turn if the diesel quite answers your inquiries.

Malfunctions of the diesel with the fuel Bosch equipment

The provided table of possible defects on the diesel is made by Bosch, and we hope that it will help you to return your engine to working order.

The table of malfunctions and methods of their elimination on the diesel with the fuel equipment of Bosch

Purchase of the second-hand engine

Be attentive upon purchase of the second-hand diesel. Diesels work long, but it does not mean that you should not examine all traditionally worn out places. On some engines it is very easy to disguise both the operation duration, and wear. At assessment of a condition of such engine there is a danger "to make a blunder" if you badly understand diesels.

As well as petrol engines, have to have a smokeless exhaust of the diesel. Besides, there should not be a smoke an open mouth of a maslozalivny tube on the heated-up engine. As big noisiness, than to the petrol engine is peculiar to the diesel, you have to distinguish working noise from knock of worn-out pistons, rods, a cam-shaft etc. If you have doubts in the relation of a condition of the engine, then ask for the help professionals.

Turbodiesels are very popular as the turbo-supercharging well is entered in characteristics of the diesel. Turbocompressors work with the small pressure of pressurization and on small turns of the engine that provides them longer, than at petrol engines service life. Turbodiesels excellently are suitable for tractors and multiton lorries.

However it is difficult for diesel automatic devices to correspond to requests of the automatic transmission because of the flat characteristic of torque. Only the few manufacturers are concerned about this problem. Among them Citroën, Mercedes, Peugeot and Opel which recently joined them, but also that they use automatic transmissions only by cars of middle class.

Thanks to all of the increasing popularity, on diesels do not look as at the poor relative any more, and on the level of the finishing they completely correspond to the petrol fellows.

Upon purchase pay attention to the residual cost of the diesel. In due time diesel cars gave an impetus to growth of sales volume of cars in Germany, but the peak of sales volume was reached four years ago and so far there is a gradual recession so be convinced that you do not overpay for honor to become the owner of a diesel car.

Check a run. Diesel cars are bought up for their potentially high reliability and perhaps big run. Especially, when they are bought by new. But it does not mean at all that you should not pay attention to the run counter. Really, many dealers do not like to deal with cars which run passed for 80 thousand km and, respectively, adjust the price of them. Or, without philosophizing crafty, just dump a run on the counter. The run in 160 thousand km is quite natural to well served diesel, but think twice if the counter shows 320 thousand km or, especially, if this second-hand taxi with such run.

Except for the engine, the majority of diesel cars on the device are identical to the petrol fellows, the same treats also suspension brackets, brakes, but consider the prices of spare parts. For example, exhaust systems serve long, but differ from similar petrol engines. And if you got used to buy spare parts from razborshchik of emergency cars, then keep in mind that details of petrol engines can be externally similar and approach by the sizes, however the block of cylinders of the diesel differs from the similar block of the petrol engine and cannot be in most cases chosen as replacement. Also transfer numbers of transmissions and coupling differ.

Be healthy the diesel

The motor sneezed time, another also calmed down... Everyone who got into such situation for certain knows what swarm of questions rushes in the head during unsuccessful attempts again to start "heart" of "an iron horse". Owners of cars with diesel engines differ in nothing from all other, however the reasons of troubles with diesel engines and ways of their elimination are in many respects specific for this purpose like motors. Not to complicate to itself life, it is better to follow advices of the professionals having solid practice in this area.

Addressed them and this time, having gathered the mass of useful information and pretty simple practical advice in realization.

The biggest surprise turns out the fact that still yesterday the engine which was not bringing trouble suddenly at all refuses "to come to life" while you hurry for work in the morning. If it happened for the first time moreover is followed by a white exhaust, then almost with full confidence it is possible to tell that glow plugs are guilty. By the way, the indicator on the dashboard can quite be mistaken, claiming that with candles all oh, Kay. For check one end of a wire is brought to accumulator "plus", and the second gives tension directly on candles. If at the same time the good spark (it easy to distinguish from bright flash of short circuit) slips, the wire begins to be heated, and after that the motor is started, then candles here at anything. The malfunction should be looked for in the electric chains giving on them tension. Thus it is possible to check also the fuel supply valve.

And, at last, you blame only yourself if tried to start the car straight off before. The belt of the gas-distributing mechanism at the same time easily could slip through several teeths. It is not possible to start the motor and, perhaps, it is necessary to prepare for complex and expensive repair of the engine.

As shows experience, also other situation is very widespread – the engine idles, and in attempt to add turns becomes deaf at once or stops, having slightly worked. Most likely, air got to fuel system. It is worth paying attention to an exhaust besides. In this case it, as a rule, white with a characteristic smell of diesel fuel. Depression in a stream of fuel can arise because of a blockage, say, of a toplivozabornik or the fuel filter. Fuel filter is most often hammered, and such troubles arise mostly in winter time.

As shows experience, also other situation is very widespread – the engine idles, and in attempt to add turns becomes deaf at once or stops, having slightly worked. Most likely, air got to fuel system. It is worth paying attention to an exhaust besides. In this case it, as a rule, white with a characteristic smell of diesel fuel. Depression in a stream of fuel can arise because of a blockage, say, of a toplivozabornik or the fuel filter. Fuel filter is most often hammered, and such troubles arise mostly in winter time.

Specialists of Tekhnodiesel advise all to follow the rule which does not have exceptions: never to repair fuel filters. Various "washings", "blowings off", and the other, allegedly restoring procedures, at best just will not give effect, and in the worst – still will aggravate situation. Fuel, passing through such "restored" filter, not only does not receive the put cleaning, but also washes away all dirt which collected in it before from the filter. It quickly enough can put the TNVD precision mechanism out of action.

One more pseudo-help to the motor which the "knowing" mechanics like to render, – installation of several fuel filters. From the point of view of achievement of unprecedented purity of the sense diesel fuel coming to the engine in this multistage filtration is not present. Firms manufacturers of diesel cars carry out exact calculations of productivity of filters which are confirmed by the whole series of tests therefore they should be trusted. Additional filters are not simply useless, and are harmful. They create excessive resistance owing to what TNVD works with перегрузокй quicker fails. The increased resistance in the pipeline can become the air podsasyvaniye reason also.

You should not follow the tastes and one more rather popular belief that additional filters promote offices of water from fuel. Actually filters water do not detain, for this purpose there are special settlers separators. Existence of such separator is demonstrated by a small stopper from below under the filter. It is necessary to merge the collected moisture approximately through each 3000 km of a run. It is necessary to merge liquid until almost pure diesel fuel begins to flow.

Availability of water in fuel also causes white clouds of exhaust gases. Some modern diesel cars have the indicator on the dashboard which will report that in fuel there is water. If the indicator lit up, better, without putting away for later, to stop, kill the engine and to merge liquid from a separator. If necessary it is possible to repeat the procedure. If after that the indicator does not want to die away, then probably a problem in electric chains of system of indication of availability of water in fuel. To try to correct something in them quickly is not necessary, it is better to obratsya in car service.

There is also it that gradually the hooting engine suddenly unexpectedly becomes silent. The most trivilny council which as it is strange, helps with many "heavy" cases – be convinced that in a tank still there is a diesel fuel. If business is worse, and really something occurred, it is worth remembering whether it was some sharp sound before the engine broke off. The break of a belt of the gas-distributing mechanism is followed by such sound. If so, then it is better not to try to scroll the motor – consequences can be destructive.

The same air in fuel system can become other reason of a sudden stop of the motor. It is possible to try to connect the fuel pump to any container with diesel fuel directly. If the engine begins to work, then the reason is found. At any problems with the fuel pump it is the best of all to address experts, without trusting repair to doubtful mechanics.

When TNVD is excluded from probable responsible for troubles, it is possible to try to weaken unions on nozzles. If during attempts to start the engine from under them diesel fuel begins to follow the pulsing stream, it means that faulty nozzles do not provide normal intake of fuel in combustion chambers. Perhaps, you will notice that black smoke of an exhaust tumbled down - it is one of signs of lag of a needle in a nozzle. Fuel begins to come uncontrollable to the cylinder, and the black exhaust is caused by its incomplete combustion.

And one more – it is not necessary to go dashingly through deep pools. Masters often should see the motors of diesel cars crippled after such bathing. Water from a pool gets to the combustion chamber, and the strongest hydrodynamic blow bends even the strongest rods!